The regulatory framework applicable to cyberspace security is constantly evolving, so the survey made in this Report will quickly and inexorably become outdated. It was possible to identify, in any case, some needs for legislative intervention at the national level, such as the adoption of legislation setting security requirements and incident notification requirements under Articles 12 and 13 of Law No. 46/2018, the transposition of the Directive establishing the European Electronic Communications Code and the introduction of amendments to Law No. 58/2019 to ensure its compliance with Union Law. The legislative agenda at the European Union level is also under intense development, with proposals for a regulation on European orders for the delivery or retention of electronic evidence in criminal matters and for a regulation on the European Cyber Security Industry, Technology and Research Competence Centre and the Network of National Coordination Centres.
With regard to mapping the ethical and moral issues associated with cyber security, this Report has mainly sought to identify the issues facing policymakers, regulators, technology companies and academics when reflecting and outlining action plans to promote security in cyberspace, with an awareness of the fundamental values at stake and the responsibilities incumbent on all participants in cyberspace, from cyber security professionals to ordinary citizens, states, businesses, and organisations. Here too, the mapping is approximate and provisional, as provisional are the legal solutions tested to try to tame technological advances so as to reap the benefits and minimise the risks.